Monitoring Pyrethroid Insecticide Resistance in Major Malaria Vector Anopheles culicifacies: Comparison of Molecular Tools and Conventional Susceptibility Test
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Abstract:
<Anopheles culicifacies is a main malaria vector in southeastern part of Iran, bordring Afghanistan and Pakistan. So far, resistance to DDT, dieldrin, malathion and partial tolerance to pyrethroids has been reported in An. stephensi, but nothing confirmed on resistance status of An. culicifacies in Iran. Methods: In current study, along with WHO routine susceptibility test with DDT (4%), dieldrin (0.4%), malathion (5%), permethrin (0.25%), lambadacyhalothrin (0.1%), and deltamethrin 0.025, we cloned and sequenced segment VI of domain II (SII6) in voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) gene of An. culicifacies specimens collected in Sistan and Baluchistan province (Iran). Results: A 221-bp amplified fragment showed 91% and 93% similarity with exon I and exon II of An. gambiae. The size of intron II in An. culicifacies is 62 bp, while in An. gambiae is 57 bp. The major difference within An. culicifacies specimens and also with An. gambiae is in position 29 of exon I, which led to substitution of Leu to His amino acid. Conclusion: This data will act as first report on partial sequence of vgsc gene and its polymorphism in An. culicifacies. A Leu to His amino acid substitution detected upstream the formerly known knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation site could be an indication for other possible mutations related to insecticide resistance. However, the result of WHO susceptibility test carried out in Baluchistan of Iran revealed a level of tolerance to DDT and dieldrin, but almost complete susceptibility to pyrethroids in An. culicifacies. We postulate that the molecular diagnostic tool developed for detection and identification of kdr-related mutations in An. culicifacies, could be useful in monitoring insecticide resistance in Iran and neighbouring countries such as Pakistan and Afghanistan. A phylogenetic tree also constructed based on the sequence of exon I and II, which readily separated An. culicifacies populations from An. stephensi, An. fluviatilis and An. gambiae.
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monitoring pyrethroid insecticide resistance in major malaria vector anopheles culicifacies: comparison of molecular tools and conventional susceptibility test
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Monitoring pyrethroid insecticide resistance in major malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies: comparison of molecular tools and conventional susceptibility test.
BACKGROUND Anopheles culicifacies is a main malaria vector in southeastern part of Iran, bordring Afghanistan and Pakistan. So far, resistance to DDT, dieldrin, malathion and partial tolerance to pyrethroids has been reported in An. stephensi, but nothing confirmed on resistance status of An. culicifacies in Iran. METHODS In current study, along with WHO routine susceptibility test with DDT (...
full textEcology, monitoring and mapping of insecticide resistance of malaria vector, Anopheles culicifacies (Diptera: Culicidae) to different imagicides in Iran
*Corresponding author: Hassan Vatandoost, Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Heath, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, and Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran, Iran. Tel: 0098 21 88951393 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Foundation Project: Partially supported by Malaria Unit, CDC, Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran, Deputy for R...
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full textTriple insecticide resistance in Anopheles culicifacies: a practical impediment for malaria control in Odisha State, India
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Journal title
volume 11 issue 3
pages 169- 176
publication date 2007-07
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